Imijyi imwe n’imwe ku isi ikunda kurohama kurusha iyindi kubera impamvu zitandukanye, zirimo ubutumburuke buke, ahantu h’inyanja, hamwe n’ahantu hashobora kwibasirwa n’umwuzure n’imvura nyinshi. Imihindagurikire y’ibihe bishonga by’urubura rwa polar nayo ihindura imiterere yikirere, harimo n’umuyaga ukaze cyane ku turere twahoze tutabangamiwe n’ibisanzwe. Uturere duhura n’ibura ry’ibiribwa n’indwara ziterwa n’amazi birababara cyane, amazi y’umwuzure atera kwangiza imyaka no gukwirakwiza indwara ku buryo bugaragara.
Nubwo imijyi myinshi ifite ibyago byo kurohama yiteguye kandi ihanga udushya dushyiraho ingamba zo gukingira nk’ingomero n’imigezi, igomba guhura n’ingaruka ziterwa n’ubushyuhe bukabije bw’isi ndetse n’ingaruka zabyo, harimo no kongera ibiza. Abahanga bavuga ko mu 2030 ibice by’iyi mijyi icyenda bizaba munsi y’amazi.
Miami, umujyi wo muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe z’Amerika
Miami yibasiwe cyane n’umwuzure kubera izamuka ry’inyanja.
Miami ni umujyi uri ku Nyanja kandi uriyongera kuri bimwe mu bipimo byihuta ku isi, hamwe n’ibimenyetso bigaragara by’umwuzure wiyongereye wanduza amazi yo kunywa kandi ukangiza byinshi mu bikorwa remezo by’umujyi. Usibye igisubizo cyihutirwa cyo guhagarika imihindagurikire y’ikirere, Miami ishobora gushimangira ishingiro ryayo no kuzamura inyubako hejuru y’amazi.
Byahanuwe ko umujyi ushyushye n’izuba hamwe n’inyanja izwi cyane itondekanye n’ubuzima budasanzwe bw’ijoro birashobora kureka kubaho. Imihindagurikire y’ibihe hamwe n’izamuka ry’inyanja birashobora kugira ingaruka kuri Miami Beach hamwe n’ingaruka zikomeye mu 2050. Umwanditsi w’ibidukikije Jeff Goodell avuga ko Miami ari “umwana w’icyapa cy’umujyi ukomeye ufite ibibazo bikomeye” ushobora kuba munsi y’amazi bidatinze hashingiwe ku bintu bifatika.
Ikinyamakuru Business Insider cyavuze ku bidukikije ku bijyanye n’ibihe bibi muri ” nta kintu na kimwe ushobora gutekereza [Miami] kiriho mu mpera z’ikinyejana. ” Ubuhanuzi bwe butangaje nkana bugamije kuba impungenge z’umwuzure ushobora gutangira gukaraba inkombe nko mu myaka mike iri imbere. Ibintu bizagenda neza kandi bizihuta cyane kandi bihenze kuri guverinoma kugira ngo ikize umucanga ukunzwe.
Bangkok muri Tayilande
Umwuzure mu murwa mukuru wa Tayilande wa Bangkok.
Ubukerarugendo buzwi cyane mubintu byose byijimye kandi bidasanzwe ku biciro by’Abanyamerika bihendutse biricara, kurohama, kuri metero 1.5 hejuru y’inyanja. Mubyukuri, “irarohama” byihuse cyane kuruta iyindi mijyi myinshi kw’isi ifite ibyago bimwe, ku mwaka ku kigero cya santimetero ebyiri cyangwa eshatu. Nk’uko ubushakashatsi bwakozwe mu mwaka wa 2020 bubitangaza, umurwa mukuru wa Tayilande uri ku mwanya wa mbere mu kwakira ingaruka ziterwa n’ubushyuhe bukabije ku isi. Nibiteganijwe mu gihe gito, hamwe nibisigara byinshi bikurikira, mugihe Bangkok izakomeza kugwa cyane kandi hari amahirwe make yo gukira.
Byongeye kandi, umujyi wubatswe ku butaka bwuzuye ibumba ariko bworoshye, bukunze kwibasirwa n’umwuzure. Abahanga na The Guardian batangaje ko mu 2030, igice kinini cy’inyanja ya Tha Kham na Samut Prakan n’ikibuga cy’indege gikuru cyitwa Suvarnabhumi International, byose bishobora kwibira mu mazi. Imvura ikomeje kugwa, kwiyongera kw’amazi, hamwe n’imyaka myinshi yo kuvoma amazi y’ubutaka nabyo bigira ingaruka kubera ko umujyi uzahura n’igihe cyarwo vuba aha.
Ku gihugu abantu benshi babaho kugira ngo barokoke, umwuzure uteza umutekano muke mu biribwa ndetse no kwangiza ibikorwa remezo, bituma ubuzima bwa miliyoni bugeramiwe ako kanya. Inama y’igihugu ishinzwe ivugurura muri Tayilande ivuga ko umurwa mukuru ushobora kuba uri mu bihe bibi mu myaka 15, kandi abahanga bavuga ko Bangkok izarohama mu kinyejana gitaha. Muri 2017 uyu mujyi wafunguye ibikorwa remezo byitwa “Chulalongkorn Centenary Park” ibikorwa remezo bigamije kugabanya ingaruka z’umwuzure wo mu mijyi no guha abaturage imiterere-karemano mu mujyi w’ubucuruzi kandi ukora cyane. Muri iki gihe imbaraga zo gufata Bangkok hejuru y’amazi no kongera igihe cyayo zirimo kunoza ibikorwa remezo bimwe na bimwe, nubwo kurohama byakomeje.
Amsterdam umujyi w’Ubuholandi
Imiyoboro inyuranye ya Amsterdam ihujwe n’inyanja kandi ishobora kuzamuka ku rwego rw’inyanja.
Byinshi mu Buholandi byashyizwe munsi y’inyanja. Mu myaka irenga ijana, igihugu cyiza cyakomeje kugenda neza hifashishijwe ingomero nyinshi zibuza umwuzure. Umwuzure ukomeye mu mateka wahitanye abantu ibihumbi mirongo, inka, n’andi matungo ndetse binahitana amazu atabarika, imodoka, n’izindi nyubako. Imijyi yongeye kwiyubaka inshuro nyinshi, ariko akaga kegereje kubera ko igihugu gikomeje kurohama biturutse ku ngaruka z’imihindagurikire y’ikirere. Mugihe ikoranabuhanga rishya ryongerera ibikorwa bya kamere, igihugu gitera imbere nacyo gisobanura ibikorwa remezo bifite agaciro bishobora gusenywa mumasegonda make.
Icyerekezo kizwi cyane ku isi mu Burayi kizwiho ibiraro, urumogi, n’ubuzima bwa n’ijoro butagereranywa bushobora kuba bwarangiye vuba. Amsterdam hamwe n’indi mijyi byagize ibyago, birimo Rotterdam na La Haye, bagize igice cyitwa “Ibihugu byo hasi,” biri hasi, biringaniye, kandi byegereye inyanja y’Amajyaruguru. Nubwo hashyizweho ingufu n’abahanga b’Abaholandi bamenyereye ubuhanga bwo gukumira umwuzure, Amsterdam iri mu murongo utaziguye w’izamuka ry’inyanja kugira ngo uyigereho mu gihe kitarenze imyaka icumi kandi ikarenga muri makumyabiri yakurikiyeho, bikaba bishoboka ko ari ingaruka mbi. Sisitemu yateye imbere mu gihugu y’imigezi, ingomero, inzitizi, imigezi n’imyuzure igomba gukurikiranirwa hafi kandi ikazamurwa mu buryo budasubirwaho mu myaka iri imbere.
Basra muri Iraki
Umugezi wa Shatt-al-Arab utemba unyuze kuri Basra ni inzuzi zikomeye zihuza Ikigobe cy’Ubuperesi amazi yazamutse bigatuma Basra ikunda kwibasirwa n’umwuzure.
Umujyi wa Basra w’abarabu n’umujyi wa mbere w’icyambu muri Iraki, ushyizwe ku mugezi mugari kandi ukomeye wa Shatt al-Arab. Itemba mu kigobe cy’Ubuperesi, hamwe n’umuyoboro utoroshye w’imigezi n’inzuzi zinyura mu mujyi. Uburemere bwarushijeho kwiyongera n’ibishanga byoroshye bikikije uturere twugarijwe cyane cyane n’inyanja izamuka.
Imbaraga karemano zikurura umujyi hepfo mukomeza kurohama, abahanga bavuga ko Basra ishobora kurengerwa igice cyangwa burundu mu myaka icumi. Ni umujyi ukennye cyane, aho usanga abantu benshi baharanira kurwanya indwara zikomoka ku mazi. Abaturage bamaze kubabazwa cyane n’abaturage bashobora kubona ibintu byihuse bikabije n’iterabwoba ry’umwuzure wiyongera uzatera indwara nyinshi, ingaruka zikomeye, n’ibisubizo bibi.
Georgetown muri Guyana
Ikirere cyumujyi wa Georgetown aho uruzi rwa Demerara ruhurira ninyanja ya Atalantika. Umujyi wibasiwe cyane n’umwuzure kubera izamuka ry’inyanja
Karayibe iri mu turere dushobora kwibasirwa cyane no kurohama, umurwa mukuru w’amateka wa Guyana mu bihugu icyenda bya mbere ku nkombe z’isi, ku isi ushobora kurohama mu 2030. Mu gihe ubushyuhe bwo mu turere dushyuha burimo kuzimira ku bundi buryo, iterabwoba rihita ryibasirwa n’inyanja zimwe na zimwe. uturere, harimo na Georgetown. Inkombe za Guyane zisaba guhora zitaweho kandi byihutirwa ibisubizo by’igihe kirekire kugira ngo birinde inzira zangiza ndetse n’igihe kizaza vuba.
Raporo ya IPCC (Akanama gashinzwe guverinoma ku bijyanye n’imihindagurikire y’ibihe), isesengura rya siyansi rishingiye ku kwitegereza ryatanzwe mu bushakashatsi. Ibyiringiro bya Georgetown birababaje kubera iterabwoba. Umujyi urohama ufite ibyago byo kwibizwa mu myaka icumi ishobora gukizwa gusa n’igitangaza cy’Imana, niba atari igisubizo cy’ubumenyi bwibitangaza butarashyirwa ahagaragara.
Uyu mujyi warinzwe ibinyejana byinshi ukoresheje inkuta zo mu nyanja, urukuta runini rufite uburebure bwa kilometero 280 mu nyanja irinda Georgetown umuyaga. 90% by’abaturage ba Guyana baba mu mijyi iri ku nkombe, nka Georgetown, igice kinini cy’inyanja cyacyo kikaba kiri hagati ya metero 0,5 na metero imwe munsi y’amazi maremare. Muri iki gihe ibintu byihutirwa byerekana ko igihugu gikeneye kongera ingufu mu rukuta rw’inyanja kugira ngo uturere two hagati tw’umujyi tutangirika cyane.
Tuzakomeza kubagezaho indi mijyi mu nkuru zitaha
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